What is CEFR in English Language Labs
The Council of Europe has produced instruments that have significantly impacted the teaching of foreign languages. These instruments have facilitated methodological innovations and new approaches to designing teaching programmes, particularly the communicative approach.
The CEFR, or Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, originated from the threshold level specifications for English and French in 1975 and 1976 respectively. These models were later adapted for other languages, with levels above and below the threshold level added to meet teaching and certification requirements. The CEFR, launched in 2001, marked a significant turning point as it can be applied to all languages and used in various contexts. Its six-level scale was derived from the proficiency levels developed for multiple languages.
It is a framework that outlines the process of mastering an unknown language through various competencies and sub-competencies. Descriptors have been created for each of these competencies and sub-competencies, which are not language-specific and can be applied across the board. The descriptors specify progressive mastery of each skill, which is graded on a six-level scale. However, for textbook authors, teachers and other professionals, the CEFR may appear excessively broad. To address this, Reference Level Descriptions (RLD) have been developed for national and regional languages, which provide detailed content specifications for different CEFR levels.
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